TYPES OF DIABETES

• Type 1
• Type 2
• Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Diagnostic Criteria For Diabetes for non-pregnant state (ADA)

• A1C >= 6.5% (NGSP Certified method).
• FPG ** >= 126 MG/DL.
• 2HPP >=200mg/dl post 75g OGTT  or
• RPG >= 200mg/dl with symptoms (polyuria, polydipsia, & unexplained weight loss).
• NGSP-National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Programme.

Criteria for Pre Diabetes – non Pregnant State (ADA)

• FPG 100 – 125 mg/dl (IFG)
• 2hr Post 75g OGTT 140 – 199 mg/dl (IGT)
• AIC 5.7% - 6.4%

A Word of Caution !!!

• Many (Type 2 ) have no warning signals. Typically are only diagnosed after several years with the condition, or complications e.g cataracts, foot ulsers.

 

• Almost 50% of people with Type 2 diabetes are not aware that they have the condition, therefore regular screening for  “at risk individuals”

 

Meal Planning Methods Some people find it helpful to create their meals using a planning process. A simple and popular one is the plate method. Using this method at lunch and dinner, you would divide your plate into sections like this ½ with nonstrchy vegetables ¼ with lean, low fat protein ¼ with carbohydrate

Macrovascular diseases Transient ischaemic attack Stroke Angina Myocardial infarction Cardiac Failure Peripheral Vascular Disease

Microvascular disease Diabetes retinopathy Non-proliferative Proliferative Macular oedema Microalbuminuria Macroalbuminuria End-Stage renal disease Erectile Dysfunction Autonomic neuropathy Peripheral neuropathy Osteomyelitis Amputation

TAGETS FOR DIABETES CARE

• Blood pressure < 130/80
• Cholestrol:  LDL <70mg/dl**, Trigs <150mg/dl, HDL men >40mg/dl, Women > 50 mg/dl
• Weight /BMI
• Glycated hemoglobin** (HbA1C) < 6.5%
• Fasting blood glucose <104 mg/dl
• 2 Hours post prandrial < 144 mg/dl

Non-Modifiable R.F'S

• Advancing age > 45 years
• Family History
• RACE:

African Ancestry/African Americans, American Indians, Asian American, Pacific Islander or Hispanic/Latino

• Nx of Gestational Diabetes
• LGA baby > 0 pounds or 4kg

 

Modifiable R.F'S

• Overweight
• Unhealthy diet
• Hyperntion
• High Cholesterol levels
• Sedentary Lifestyle

COMING SOON !

People with RISK FACTORS of Diabetes .